Since 1 May 2004 Estonia has been eligible for the support provided by the EU Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund. For the period of 2004-2006 Estonia was allocated 371.4 million euros from the Structural Funds and 428.2 million euros from the Cohesion Fund. The use of the EU Structural Assistance was in 2004-2006 based on the Estonian National Development Plan.

In the period of 2007-2013 Estonia was allocated more than 3.4 billion euros from the Structural Assistance, which will be channelled to the following fields: energy economies, entrepreneurship, administrative capability, education, information society, environment protection, regional and local development, research and development activities, healthcare and welfare, transportation and labour market.